Internal-combustion engine.



F. A. sanz. TRNAL COMBUSTIUN ENGINE. APPLICANON FILD )ULY 2?. |911.

Patented Ot. 2), ISIS.

2 SHEETS-SHEE l.

i... Ammwfy WITNEES: .mM/ JM...

F. A. s mz. INTERNAL COMBUSTIGN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 21, 19|]- Patented Oct. 29, 1918.

2 SHEES-SHEEI 2.

. IVWTNESSEU M f -cylinder head VIFREDERIGK A. SEITZ, F NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed IJuly 27, 1917.

To all whom z't may concern Be it known that I, FREDERICK A. Snrrz, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Newark, Essex county, in the State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful llnproven'lentsin Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification. Y

My ,invention relates to improvements 1n internal combustion engines.I and the same has for. its object more particularly to provide a simple, efficient and reliable engine hv means of which a higher efficiency, and a greater' degree of perfection in `operation may be obtained.

Further said invention has for its object to provide an engine in which the cubical contents of the cylinder may be automati-y cally increased during the'` compression and exp osive periods, and automatically decreased during the exhaust. period.

Further said invention `has for its object to provide an engine from which all of the burnt Vgases will be discharged fromihe cylinder after each explosion, thus preventing the new charge being diluted by any burnt gases which would otherwise remain in the cylinder.-

Further said invention has for its object to provide an engine having comparatively simple, and positively actuated valve mechanism.

Otherobjeets will in part be obvious and art be pointed out hereinafter.

o' the attainment of the aforesaid objects and ends my invention consists in the novel details of construction, and inthe combination, connection and arrangement of parts hereinafter more `fully described and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, showing an illustrative embodlment of the invention;

Figure 1 is an end view, partly broken away and in section, of an engine constructed according to and embodying the invention; j

Fig. 2 is a plan AView thereof; 'Fig'. 3 is a detail sectional view of the taken on the line ,3-3 of Fig.

' Fig. 4 is a detail view of the mechanism for actuating the displacer piston.

Referring to'the drawings, 10 indicates the cylinder 0f the engine, having its lower end secured-to a crank casing 11, and hav- Speciuation u! Letters Patent.

Patented oet. 29,1918.

Serial No. 183,106.

a head 12 'secured to its upper end.

1n Within the e linder works a piston 13 provided wit a piston rod 14, having its ower end connected to the main crank shaft' 15, to the outer end of which is fixedl a fly wheel 16. A gear wheel 17 secured to the crank shaft meshes with a gear wheel 18 secured to a cani shaft 19 rotatably mounted within the casing 11.

The head 12 is provided with a fuel inlet opening 20 and au exhaust outlet opening 21. The head 12 is further provided with an intake port 22 and an exhaust. port 23 adapted to establish communication be tween the cylinder 1() and the inlet and outlet openings 21 and 22 respectively. Clo-act ing with the intake and exhaust ports 22, 23, are intake and exhaust valves 24, 25, provided with valve stems 26, 27, which ex# tend outwardly through the head 12. The valves 24, 25 are normally maintained in position to close the inta-ke and exhaust ports 22, 23, hy springs 28 surrounding the' upperl ends of the valve stems 26, 27 and having their ends en aging the head 12 and washers 29 positione upon the valve stems 26, 27, and held in place by nuts 30 threaded there* upon. r

Within the head 12 is :a1/secondary cylinder 31 the upper end o which is in communication with the space or passage hetween the inlet opening 20 and the intake port 22, and the lower end of which is in communication with the eylinderAlO. Working within the secondary cylinder 31 is a displacer piston 32 provided with a. iston ro 33 extending outwardly throug head 12. At its up er end, the seconda ,cylinder is providedp with a seat 31 wit which the piston 32 engages, when in its uppermost position, to form a, gas-tight joint` The intake valve 24 `is controlled, in its opening and closing movement, by a lever 34 pivotally support/ed, intermediate itsends, upon the head 12 and havin one of its ends engaging-the upper end o the valve stem 26, and its other end connected to the upper the 4 end of a rod 35, the lower end of which engages a cam 36 secured to the cam shaft 19. The movement of the exhaust valve 25 is .controlled by similar mechanism consisting A,shaft 19.

The piston rod 33 of the displacer piston Afor, secondary by them the piston 13 makes its haust stroke, opened and the displa moved to its lower-.most p ing the and insuring'` the ex from the inter gases downwa 32 will create a thereby dra win'g 12 through the in With the fourth eyc gine is completed, and the above described will thereafter' in the sequence stated.

-Having thus described what I claini and desire ters Patent is:

an internal combustion engine, the

1. In combina take and a piston ary cylinder having its oppos iiiunicating with said intake port placer piston within said se said val placer p val ves and said tially In combina intake a sccoiidai commun its uppe tion wit exhaust ports h a main cyl and valves ther rd movement of the disp ll be The to the head c described e `of the operation of the cnvarious operations mysaid invei to secure by be repeated ition inder having inefor,

within said inaincylinder, a secondwith said main cylinder' respectively, a discondary cylinder,

ves being independent of' said iston, and means specified.

displacer for actuating ite ends comand dissaid piston, substanan internal combustion engine, the

tio nd exhaust ports -y cyliinh icating with said r end communicating wit take port, a displacer pist ondary cylinder, said valves being indcpend ent of sai actuating said valves and combination with a m take and exhaust por a piston within said ondary ,cylinder communi let opening of the engine main cylin er, a displaccr piston w n with a main c ir having its d displacer piston,

ain cy ylinder having and valves therefor, a piston withinlsaid main cylinder, a

lower end main cylinder and on withi h said in n said secand means for said displacer pisand with the said

ithin said secondary cylinder, said valves being indepiston, and means pendent for actuating piston, s

combination of 'said displacer said valves ubstantiall an interna intake and exhaust ports CUHIUIUII the engine having said mai with a main cylinder and said as s ecified. com ustion engine having lacer the and valves thereistonwithin said :main cylinder, a

intake port lacet piston w cylinder having its ,upper end icating with the inlet opening of with said and` i lower end communicating with , fmiinicating with thin ,913mg piston within said secondary cylinder,

said secondary cylinder, said va'lves being independent of said displacer piston, and` means for actuating said 'valves and said dis lacer piston, substantially as specified.

In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a main cylinder provided with an intake ort communicating with the inlet opening ci) the engine of a piston within said main cylinder, a valve co-acting with said port, means for iictuatin said valve, and means for varying the cultizical contents of said'main cylinder and simultaneously varying Athe cubical contents of the passage between 'said intake port and said inlet opening, substantially as specified.

(i. In an internal combustion engine, the coii'ibination with ii main cylinder provided with an intake port communicating with the inlet opening o the engine, of a piston within said main cylinder, a valve co-acting with said port, means for actuating said valve, and means for decreasing the cubical convtcnts of said main icylinder and simultaneously increasing the cubical contents o the passage between said intake port and said inlet opening, and vice versa, suhstiintiallyas specified. j

'l'. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a niaiii cylinder having a piston therein, of a secondary cylinder communicating with said main cylinder, a displacer piston within said secondary cylinder, cani and spring controlled means for actuating said displacer piston, and means for vai-'ying the tension of said spring, siihstantially as specified.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a main cylinder having a piston'therein, of a secondary cylinder com iiinnicating with said main cylinder, a displacei' piston within said secondary cylinder, cam and spring controlled `means f tir actuating said displacer piston, and automaticallyoperated means for varying the tension of said spring, substantially as specified. i

il. In iin internal combustion engine, the combination Vwith a iii-ain cylinder having a piston therein, of ii secondary cylinder conimunicafing with said main cylinder, a displacer piston within said secondary cylinder, a rod operatively connected to said displaccr piston and adapted to be moved to reciprocate said piston, a rotatable cam co-iicting with said rod to control the moyement thereof, a spring to hold said rod in engagement with said cam, and means to'vary the tension of said spring during the'v rotation of said cam, substantially as specified.

10,/I'n an internaljcoinbustion en ine, the combination with/a main cylinder aving a piston therein, of a secondary cylinder coin said main cylinder, a disa rod operatively connected to said displacer piston and adapted to be moved to reciprocate' said piston, a rotatable cam eo-ucting with said rod to control the movement thereof, u spring to hold said rod in engagement with said cam, and means to increase the tension of said spring during the travel in one direction of said displacer piston, substantiall y as specified.

11. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a main cylinder having a' piston therein, munieatingwith said main cylinder, adisplacer piston within said secondary cylinder, a rod operatively connected t0 said flisplacer piston and adapted to be moved to reciprocate said piston, a rotatable cam coacting with said rod to control the 'm'ove` ment thereof, a Spring to hold said rod in engagement with said cam, and means to'increase the tension of said springr during the travel of said displacer piston in a direction away from said main cylinder, substantially as specified.

12. In an internal ombustion engine. the combination vi ith a main cylinder having,r a piston therein, of a secondary cylinder haying its lower end communicating with said main cylinder, and havingr 'a `seat adjacent its up )er end, a displacer piston within said secondary cylinder, and meansfor actuating said displacer piston and maintaining the same in engagement with said seat during the compression an explosion periods of of a secondary cylihde-r com-V said ii'st mentioned piston, substantially as specified.

13. In an internal combustion engine, the

`combination with a main cylinder and a Aan explosive charge into the outerl end of said secondary cylinder, thence forcing said Charge vfrom the outer end of said secondary cylinder and into the inner end ofsaid secondaryeylinder, compressing thel explosive charge and firing the same therein, and then causing -said main piston and displacer piston to approach eachother to the extreme of their opposing movements whereby to evacuate completely the contents of sai cylinders during the exhausting period, substantially as specified.

Signed at the city of New York, in the county and Si ate of New York, this 3rd day of July, one thousand nine hundred and seventeen.

FREDERICK SEITZ;

Witnesses z` Comeau A. DIETERICH, fulmini P. Jonast 

